Samuel hearne map
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Samuel Hearne
Samuel Hearne (1745–1792) byl britskýcestovatel a spisovatel. Od jedenácti let sloužil u Royal Navy pod admirálem Samuelem Hoodem, zúčastnil se sedmileté války. Od roku 1766 pracoval pro Společnost Hudsonova zálivu, která ho vyslala objevit místo, odkud domorodci z pobřeží zálivu berou měď na své nástroje. V letech 1769 až 1772 podnikl Hearne s indiánskými průvodci na lyžích a člunech tři výzkumné cesty do vnitrozemí severní Kanady a jako první Evropan dokázal proniknout podél řeky Coppermine na pobřeží Korunovačního zálivu. V roce 1774 založil Cumberland House jako první stálou osadu na území Saskatchewanu, později byl guvernérem pevnosti Fort Prince of Wales. Roku 1787 se vrátil do Anglie a napsal o svých dobrodružstvích knihu (vyšla v češtině pod názvem Cesta z Fort Prince of Wales k Severnímu ledovému oceánu), která je prvním důkladným popisem kraje ležícího na západ od Hudsonova zálivu.
Externí odkazy
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Samuel Hearne North-West Passage expedition 1770–72
Samuel Hearne journeyed overland to search for the North-West Passage in 1770. He was the first man to walk from Hudson Bay to the Arctic Ocean.
The Canadian Hudson’s Bay Company commissioned Samuel Hearne to go on an overland journey in search of the North-West Passage – the seaway through the Arctic, linking the Pacific and Arctic Oceans – in 1772. There was compelling evidence of commercial opportunities to be had and the company was keen to capitalize.
A recent Indian expedition had returned with a map of an open strait of water far to the north-west of Hudson Bay. This suggested there was a river and three copper mines. Interestingly, the map did not show Repulse Bay, which explorer Christopher Middleton had discovered but concluded that it blocked any westward passage in that area. Instead, the map suggested that a ship could sail from the north-west of the bay to the mines.
Hearne was tasked with locating the copper mines and finding out if there was a passage from Hudson Bay through to the Pacific. At 25, Hearne was y
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Memorable Manitobans: Samuel Hearne (1745-1792)
Samuel Hearne |
Fur trader, explorer.
Born at London, England in 1745, he served in the Royal Navy before joining the Hudson's Bay Company as a mate on the sloop Churchill. Hearne was soon singled out as an explorer, and beginning in 1769 he made a series of attempts to reach the Coppermine River by an overland route. After several abortive efforts, Hearne accompanied the guide Matonabbee and his family on a lengthy journey to the North, becoming the first European to reach the Arctic Ocean overland from North America and the first to cross Great Slave Lake. He returned on 30 June 1772 and sent his journals back to England. In 1776 he was appointed head of Fort Prince of Wales at Churchill, and he surrendered it to the French in 1782. By 1787 he was ready to retire. He spent his last years in London working on his journals and maps and died in 1792. His A Journey from Prince of Wales’s Fort, in Hudson’s Bay, to the Northern Ocean was published posthumously in 1795 in London, going thr